Ask the Doctor :: How can I tell if I have a cold or an allergy?

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Ask the Doctor:

Question: I am sniffling and rubbing my eyes but it feels more like a cold than an allergy. What is the difference?

It is very hard to tell the difference between a cold and an allergy especially this time of year; however, there are some distinct differences that may help you decide. A visit to your family doctor can be helpful as well, especially if you are suspecting an allergy.

The Common Cold

The common cold is also referred to as an upper respiratory tract infection. Unfortunately, viruses ( sometimes bacteria) that cause the common cold are constantly strenthening themselves making it quite difficult for humans to build up an immune resistance to them. However, on the flip side, when our immune systems are strong, we have a better chance in fighting off these germs fast and swiftly.

Symptoms:

• slight headache
• nasal congestion
• slight fever
• possible cough
• sore scratchy throat

Treatment:

Usually one day of rest, lots of fluids – water, water infused with citrus, herbal teas – will prevent days of illness.

The Spring Allergy

When the weather becomes warmer, trees begin to bloom, we spend more time outside and leave our windows open for some fresh air. New exposure coupled with the possibility chronic exposure to one or many foreign substances ( from pollen to dust)  may irritate nasal passages and throats which in turn cause our immune system into two possible courses of action:

1. An exaggerated immune response where the immune system goes into overdrive, working very hard to eliminate the allergen.

2. Normal immune response where the allergen is eliminated. 

In the case of the exaggerated response, a cascade of chemical events will occur with in the immune system and ending with the release of histamine from the mast cells. Histamine is what causes most allergic symptoms, and is the body’s outward way of saying,”I need help!”

Symptoms:

• the key symptom is itchiness: nose, throat, skin and eyes
• runny or stuffy nose
• loss of smell and/or taste
• post nasal drip

Treatments:

If in an acute situation, sometimes having a hot shower  – will break up the histamine – can help relief the symptoms.

The key is to find out what is triggering the allergy ( be a detective), doing your best to stay away from it and keeping your immune system strong and healthy.

Way to prevent: I suggest to people to make their bedroom a complete sanctuary – all dirty clothes are taken off before you enter the bedroom, keep animals out of your bedroom, and wash you pillows and bed linens very regularly.

Vitamin C and quercitin are great mast cell stabilizers, so taking these regularly might be of great help. Drinking Nettle tea regularly will also help.

Be well,

dr.heather